Tuesday, November 4, 2014

Singapore Eating: Colonial District & the Quays

COLONIAL DISTRICT & THE QUAYS

Eating around the Colonial District and the three quays is a fancy affair – budget options are pretty thin on the ground in this part of town. The range of international restaurants, from sophisticated French, such as Saint Pierre, to shameless raunch, like Clarke Quay’s Hooters, is so staggering it would take a year or more just to eat your way through the Quays. A few hawker centres, ideal for a quick lunch or cheap dinner, remain and all the main shopping malls have their obligatory food courts.

PRICE GUIDE

The following price guide is based on dinner for two, with a couple of drinks.

$$$ over $75

$$ $20-75

$ under $20


BOBBY’S TAPROOM & GRILL (Map pp52–3 American $$$)

6337 5477; www.bobbys.com.sg; B1-03 Chijmes, 30 Victoria St; mains from $20; noon-midnight Sun-Tue, noon-2am Wed-Sat; Metro: City Hall;

A completely refurbished high-end American barbecue and sports bar specializing in steaks, chops, ribs and all things meaty. It’s particularly well-known for its baby back pork ribs, but the steaks are also excellent. Veggie options available.


CHEF CHAN’S RESTAURANT Map pp52–3 Chinese $$$

6333 0073; 01-06 National Museum, 93 Stamford Rd; set menu $88; Metro: Dhoby Ghaut

Staking a very strong claim to be Singapore’s top Chinese restaurant, everything about Chef Chan’s is outstanding, from the glorious location buried in a hard-to-find nook of the National Museum to the genuine antique Chinese decor and the magnificent, classic set menu (featuring his famous crispy roast chicken, complete with head). Reservations only.


DOC CHENG’S Map pp52–3 International $$$

6412 1264; level 2, Raffles Hotel Arcade, 1 Beach Rd; mains from $20; Metro: City Hall

Decked out with curtained booths, high ceilings, soft lighting and chequered tiles, Doc Cheng’s has a discreetly colonial air. The food, however, is decidedly modern fusion. ‘Son-in-law’ egg starter is surprisingly successful, as are dishes like the tandoori trout.


BOOK CAFÉ Map pp52–3 Cafe $$

6887 5430; 01-02 Seng Kee Bldg, 20 Martin Rd; mains $10-15; h8.30am-10.30pm Sun-Thu, 8.30am-midnight Fri & Sat;

At the river end of Mohamed Sultan Rd, Book Café is a convivial bistro with large, comfy sofas and a good selection of old books, magazines and foreign newspapers to browse through while you lounge around enjoying breakfast or a coffee.


CORIANDER LEAF Map pp52–3 Asian Fusion $$

6732 3354; www.corianderleaf.com; 02-03, 3A Merchant Court, Clarke Quay; mains $15-25; Metro: Clarke Quay

A fusion of European, Middle Eastern and Southeast Asian menus, Coriander Leaf offers a wide selection of dishes, some a little jarring, most excellent. There’s also a small deli and a demo kitchen offering cooking courses


SAGE Map pp52–3 European $$

6333 8726; 7 Mohamed Sultan Rd; mains from $28

Set in a tiny converted shophouse on the Mohamed Sultan bar strip, Sage is one of the best restaurants in the Quays area. Intimate and relaxed, the service is immaculate and the food, from the prawn and escargot risotto starter to the mushroom soup and the beef cheek main, is superb. The only potential downside is the noise, if a big group happens to be sharing the small space with you. Booking is essential.


TAPAS TREE Map pp52–3 Spanish $$

6837 2938; 01-08, Block 3D, Clarke Quay; tapas from $5; Metro: Clarke Quay

Among the most popular of the recent Clarke Quay arrivals, this eatery boasts a huge range of classic tapas, a riverside location (though there’s comfy seating inside) and great music (the flamenco trio are fun, though inevitably they’re Filipino). Booking at weekends is essential.


WAH LOK Map pp52–3 Chinese $$

6311 8188; 2nd level, Carlton Hotel, 76 Bras Basah Rd; mains over $20; Metro: City Hall

The rotunda hall with the high dome ceiling, floor-to-ceiling glass windows, bright interior and warm ambience of this Cantonese place don’t quite prepare you for the entertainingly brusque service, but the food is great. Wah Lok well known for its excellent tofu; the roast meats are also a highlight.


GLUTTONS BAY Map pp52–3 Hawker Centre $

6336 7025; 01-15 Esplanade Mall; mains $10-20; 6pm-3am; Metro: City Hall

Selected by the Makansutra food guide, this bayside collection of the best hawkers (or street-food masters, as they call them)


KOPITIAM Map pp52–3 Coffeeshop $

cnr Bencoolen St & Bras Basah Rd; 24hr; Metro: City Hall

One of the top spots in the district for a late-night feed, this branch of the Kopitiam chain is brisk and blindingly bright, so if it’s a late boozy night grab a table outside, where the light is friendlier. The food is uniformly good and you won’t pay much more than $6 for a meal.



Singapore Eating: Colonial District & the Quays

Monday, November 3, 2014

Singapore: Holland Road & Bukit Timah

Primarily residential, and overwhelmingly affluent, these two areas to the immediate west of the city centre are book-ended by two of Singapore’s best-loved green spaces: the astoundingly beautiful Singapore Botanic Gardens and the Bukit Timah Nature Reserve. The latter is a tiny patch of jungle offering a chance to see tropical birds, monkeys and other exotic wildlife (look, but don’t touch, and for their sake and that of your bank account, don’t feed the monkeys – fines for feeding them approaches the yearly GNPs of some emerging nations). Both of these places are absolute must-sees. After spending an afternoon strolling through manicured gardens or primary rainforest, take some time to visit some of the area’s upscale restaurant strips like Holland Village, Greenwood Ave and Dempsey Rd, which, also known as Tanglin Village, offers great shopping, eating and drinking opportunities, and is pretty swank considering the site is a converted former army barracks. Holland Village has long been a favorite nightspot for Singapore’s expatriate community, offering a number of excellent restaurants, bars and clubs. An evening out in any of these eating areas, not often visited by casual tourists, is a good way to get a real taste of Singapore.


SINGAPORE BOTANIC GARDENS


singapore-holland-road-bukit-timah-1 Singapore Botanic Gardens – Palm Valley


6471 7361; www.sbg.org.sg; 1 Cluny Park Rd; admission free; 5am-midnight; Metro Orchard, then Bus 7, 77, 123 or 174 from Orchard Blvd

You can’t beat the botanic gardens as a spot to recover from your jet lag, have a picnic or just lie around forgetting you’re in a large metropolis. Established around 1860 and covering 52 hectares, the gardens originally acted as a test ground for botanical research and potential cash crops, such as rubber. Today they still host a herbarium housing more than 600,000 botanical specimens and a library with archival materials dating back to the

16th century.

Visitors can enjoy manicured garden beds or explore a 4-hectare patch of ‘original Singaporean jungle’, a sample of the kind of forest that once covered the entire island – though Bukit Timah Nature Reserve (right) and MacRitchie Reservoir give a more accurate picture of that. Still, it’s worth taking one of the rainforest tours. They usually cost $15 for a group of up to 15 people, but call ahead because there are free tours at certain times.

Also don’t miss the extraordinary National Orchid Garden (adult/child $5/free; 8.30am-7pm), one of the world’s largest orchid displays featuring over 60,000 of these delicate looking but incredibly hardy plants, including the Vanda Miss Joaquim. This hybrid orchid, Singapore’s national flower, was discovered in 1893 by Agnes Joaquim in her garden.


BUKIT TIMAH NATURE RESERVE


singapore-holland-road-bukit-timah-2 Bukit Timah Nature Reserve


1800 468 5736; www.nparks.gov.sg; 8.30am-6pm; Bus 65, 75, 170 or 171

The only area of primary forest remaining in Singapore, this 164-hectare nature reserve offers a range of nature walks, testing jungle treks and even mountain-bike trails. It’s a haven for plants (one naturalist estimated there are more species here than in the whole of North America) and 160 species of animals. It also boasts the highest point on the island, Bukit Timah (163m), though the dense foliage doesn’t afford much of a view.

The most popular and easiest walk in the park is along a paved road to the top of Bukit Timah. Even during the week it attracts a number of walkers, but few venture off the pavement to explore the side trails, which are more interesting. For a distinctly out-of-Singapore experience, try the North View, South View or Fern Valley paths.

These involve some scrambling over rocks and tree roots and can be quite testing in parts.

Pick up a map of the park’s trails from the visitor centre, where an exhibition details the various flora and fauna that can be found in the reserve. A small shop here sells drinks, snacks, guidebooks and the all-important mosquito repellent.

Bukit Timah has two tough mountain bike trails, 6km in all, running around the edge of the nature reserve between Chestnut Ave and Rifle Range Rd. The trails cut though jungle and abandoned quarry sites and are hilly in parts. There’s also a bike trail running through the neighboring Central Catchment Nature Reserve to the MacRitchie Reservoir, 6km east.

Several buses run close to the park, including buses 65 and 170 from Newton MRT, bus 75 from the CBD and Chinatown, and bus 171 from the YMCA on Orchard Rd or from Scotts Rd. Get off at the Bukit Timah Shopping Centre; the entrance to the park is about 1km north along Hindhede Dr.


CHINESE TEMPLE FESTIVALS OF SINGAPORE

Anyone’s trip to Singapore should include a visit to some of the Lion City’s vibrant Chinese temples. Should your journey coincide with a temple festival, you’ll be in for an amazing display indeed – not to mention the possibility of a free vegetarian meal.

Festivals are based on the Chinese Lunar Calendar, so you’ll need to convert the dates into their Western calendar equivalents using an online Western-to-Chinese date calculator. A good one is available at www.chinesetools.eu/tools/chinesecalendar.
Chinese New Year’s Eve Held on the 29th or 30th day of the 12th month, depending on the year. This is perhaps the most important Chinese holiday (think of Christmas in the West). Expect to breathe in temple air filled with incense burned to welcome in the lunar New Year. Some excellent spots to join the revelry include Thian Hock Keng on Telok Ayer St, Wak Hai Cheng Bio on Philip St and the Kuan Im Thong Hood Cho (Goddess of Mercy Temple; p69) on Waterloo St.


singapore-holland-road-bukit-timah-3 Chinese New Year Decoration


Birthday of the Monkey God Held on the 15th or 16th day of the first month. Beloved by many in Singapore, this religious celebration honours the birthday of T’se Tien Tai Seng Yeh, the Monkey God, who cures the sick and frees the hopeless. During the ceremony, mediums called Tan Kees perform miraculous feats, going into trances, piercing their cheeks and tongues with skewers and writing out charms in their own blood. This festival is celebrated at many temples throughout the city, including Qi Tian Gong (Monkey God Temple) in Tiong Bahru and Poh An Keng on Tampines Rd.

Birthday of Matsu Held on the 23rd day of the third month. The birthday of the goddess of the sea, Matsu (sometimes spelled ‘Mazu’), is a major cause for celebration for Taoists, especially those who live by the ocean. Expect processions, incense and celebrations galore. Thian Hock Keng on Telok Ayer St and Wak Hai Cheng Beo on Philip St both play host to worshippers on the goddess’ birthday.
Vesak Day Held on the first full moon of the fourth lunar month. This important holiday celebrates three important events in the life of the Buddha: his birth, his enlightenment, and his attainment of nirvana. The flavor of this holiday will differ depending on which sect is celebrating it. The Amitabha Buddhist Centre in Geylang sponsors a huge tent festival in the park across the street; expect the air to be filled with incense and Tibetan chanting. Free vegetarian meals are also served.
Hungry Ghost Festival Held on the seventh lunar month. An important festival that incorporates various prayers and activities all over the island. The Chinese believe that during this month, the gates of hell are opened to free the hungry ghosts who then wander to seek food on Earth. If you’re feeling spooked, remember that offering food to the deceased is believed to appease the spirits and ward off bad luck.


singapore-holland-road-bukit-timah-4 Hungry Ghost Festival


Nine Emperor Gods Festivals Held from the first to the ninth day of the ninth month. This is celebrated at many of the Taoist temples devoted to the nine Emperor Gods. During this festival, many temples of the nine Emperor Gods will be celebrating by going to the river or sea to welcome the gods on the eve of the first day and at a grand sending off on the night of the ninth day. In between, they do processions visiting fellow temples.
Special thanks to local author and noted scholar of Chinese culture and religion Victor Yue, who was gracious enough to share his expertise on the Chinese temple festivals of Singapore. Victor recommends Margaret Chan’s book Ritual Is Theatre, Theatre Is Ritual to anyone interested in gaining a deeper understanding of local Chinese popular religion. Victor’s blog can be found at http://chinesetemples.blogspot.com.



Singapore: Holland Road & Bukit Timah

Northern & Central Singapore

A short drive through the central and northern areas of the island is enough to dispel any notion of Singapore as a purely urban city. Yes, there is never-ending construction and land reclamation, but Singapore also has an astonishing variety of green spaces, from the many delightful city parks to large nature reserves and forests. Apart from Rio de Janeiro, it is the only city in the world that retains an area of primary rainforest, in the form of Bukit Timah Nature Reserve. Just 15 minutes from Orchard Rd, you could be standing next to a centuries old tree surrounded by macaque monkeys and monitor lizards, with not a mall or high-rise apartment building in sight.


MANDAI ORCHID GARDENS


northern-&-central-singapore-1 Mandai Orchid Gardens


6269 1036; www.mandai.com.sg; 200 Mandai Lake Rd; adult/child $2/0.50; 8.30am-.30pm; Bus138 from Metro Ang Mo Kio

Singapore has a major business in cultivating orchids, and with four solid hectares of orchids, the Mandai Orchid Gardens, a short walk from the zoo (or one stop on bus 138), is one of the best places to see them, though nonenthusiasts might find there’s little to hold their attention. You can arrange to have a gift box of fresh orchids flown to just about anywhere in the world. It’s next to the Singapore Zoo (below).


SINGAPORE ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS & NIGHT SAFARI


northern-&-central-singapore-2 Singapore Zoological Garden


6269 3411; www.zoo.com.sg; 80 Mandai Lake Rd; adult/child $16.50/8.50; 8.30am-6pm; Bus 138 from Metro Ang Mo Kio

In the far north of the island, Singapore’s world-class zoo has 3600 animals, representing

410 species including endangered white rhino, Bengal white tigers and even polar bears. Wherever possible, moats replace bars, and the zoo is beautifully spread out over 28 hectares of lush greenery beside the Upper Seletar Reservoir. As far as zoos go, this is one of the best. Some of the animal shows might be a little circuslike, such as the elephant rides and the sea lion performance, but most are magnificent – particularly the white tiger, elephant, crocodile and, best of all, baboon enclosures. Feeding times are well staggered to allow you to catch most of them as you walk around. There are trams (adult/child $5/3) that can shuttle you around if it’s too hot, or you’re too lazy.


northern-&-central-singapore-3 Nigh Safari


Next door, but completely separate from the zoo, is the acclaimed Night Safari (72693412; www.nightsafari.com.sg; adult/child $22/11; 7.30pm-midnight), which many people count as the highlight of their trip to Singapore. This 40-hectare forested park allows you to view 120 different species of animals, including tigers, lions and leopards. In the darkness the moats and other barriers seem to melt away and it actually looks like these creatures could walk over and take a bite out of you. The atmosphere is heightened even further by the herds of strolling antelope, which often pass within inches of the electric trams that are available to take you around. For an even creepier experience, walk through the enclosed Mangrove Walk, where bats flap around your head and dangle from trees a few feet above your head.

You are asked not to use a flash on your camera since it disturbs the animals and annoys fellow visitors.

As well as exploring the park on foot, it is worth taking the night-safari tram tour (adult/child $6/3), which lasts about 45 minutes and also has a live commentary. Expect queues; it’s very popular.

You can save a bit of money with a combined zoo and night safari ticket

(adult/child $30/15), but specify when you buy this whether you want to view both parks on the same day or different days. Both parks have plenty of decent food outlets (plus the usual junk) and the zoo boasts award-winning, clean and creatively designed ‘outdoor’ toilets!

When returning from the night safari you should catch a bus at around 10.45pm to ensure you make the last train leaving AngMo Kio at 11.28pm. A taxi to or from the city centre costs around $15; there is a taxi stand at the zoo entrance, though queues are often long and taxis can be maddeningly infrequent.


SIONG LIM TEMPLE & GARDENS


northern-&-central-singapore-4 Siong Lim Castle


6259 6924; 184E Jalan Toa Payoh; 7am-5pm; Metro Toa Payoh or Bus 238

Nestled in a corner of the Toa Payoh HDB estate is Siong Lim Temple, also known as Lian

Shan Shuang Lin Monastery (Twin Groves of the Lotus Mountain). The original buildings date from 1912 and the main hall is wonderfully atmospheric – a towering space stained by decades of incense smoke and perpetually buzzing with visitors. The adjoining complex of newer temples is also beautifully decorated and surrounded by neatly clipped bonsai. Sadly the ambience is disrupted by traffic thundering by on the expressway.

You can walk to the temple – it’s about 1km east of Toa Payoh MRT station – or take one of several buses for three stops from Toa Payoh bus interchange.


SUN YAT SEN NANYANG MEMORIAL HALL


northern-&-central-singapore-5 Sun Yat Sen Nanyang Memorial Hall


6256 7377; www.wanqingyuan.com.sg/english; 12 Tai Gin Rd; admission $3; 9am-5pm Tue-Sun, to 6pm Sat; Metro Toa Payoh or Bus 145

This national monument, built in the 1880s, was the headquarters of Dr Sun Yat Sen’s Chinese Revolutionary Alliance in Southeast Asia, which led to the overthrow of the Qing dynasty and the creation of the first Chinese republic. Dr Sun Yat Sen briefly stayed in the house, which was donated to the Alliance by a wealthy Chinese businessman, while touring

Asia to whip up support for the cause. It’s a fine example of a colonial Victorian villa and houses a museum with items pertaining to Dr Sun’s life and work. A magnificent 60m-long bronze relief depicting the defining moments in Singapore’s history runs the length of one wall in the garden.

Next door is the Sasanaramsi Burmese Buddhist Temple (14 Tai Gin Rd; h6.30am-9pm), a towering building guarded by two chinthes (lion-like figures).

Bus 145 from the Toa Payoh bus interchange stops on Balestier Rd near the villa and temple.


SUNGEI BULOH WETLAND RESERVE


northern-&-central-singapore-6 Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve


6794 1401; www.sbwr.org.sg; 301 Neo Tiew Cres; adult/child $1/0.50; 7.30am-7pm Mon-Fri, 7am-7pm Sat & Sun; Bus 925 TIBS from Metro Kranji

This 87-hectare wetland nature reserve, situated in the far northwest of the island overlooking the Strait of Johor, is home to 140 species of birds, most of which are migratory. It has been formally declared a nature reserve by the government and recognized as a migratory bird sanctuary of international importance. From the visitor centre, with its well-presented displays, trails lead around ponds and mangrove swamps to small hides, where you can observe the birds and, sometimes, massive monitor lizards. The birdlife, rather than the walks, is the main reason to visit (the best time for viewing them is before 10am).

Free guided tours begin at 9am, 10am, 3pm and 4pm on Saturday. On other days, tours have to be pre-booked and cost $50 per group, though it’s claimed you need to book a month in advance. Audiovisual shows on the park’s flora and fauna are held at 9am, 11am, 1pm, 3pm and 5pm (hourly between 9am and 5pm on Sunday). Allow yourself three hours to do the park justice.

On weekdays, the bus stops at the car park a 15-minute walk from the park. On weekends, the bus goes right to the park entrance.


MACRITCHIE RESERVOIR NATURE WALK


northern-&-central-singapore -7 Macritchie Reservoir Nature Walk


Walking Tour


northern-&-central-singapore -8 The map of Macritchie Reservoir Nature Walk


1 Lornie Rd bus stop Take bus 157 from Toa Payoh MRT station, or bus 162 from Scotts Rd. Start at the bus stop on Lornie Rd and walk up to the edge of the reservoir. Head right (anticlockwise) around the reservoir, past the kayak rental station until you reach a boardwalk going off to your left and a track going straight ahead. Take the track, which leads you on to the MacRitchie Nature Trail, or follow the boardwalk along the water’s edge – looking out for terrapins or, if you’re very lucky, a massive monitor lizard zipping through the water at remarkable speed. At various points along the boardwalk, you’ll come across signs pointing you towards the nature trail; take one of these. If you haven’t encountered them already, you’ll see plenty of long-tailed macaques as you follow the 3km-long stretch along the northeast side of the reservoir. (Watch out: if you have food they can sometimes be aggressive, but generally they just ignore you. Don’t look them in the eye!)
2 Singapore Island Country Club After about 3km of uninterrupted jungle, you’ll emerge at the Singapore Island Country Club. Turn left and follow the signs to the Treetop

Walk, which takes you alongside the huge, heavily protected tanks of the Kallang Service Reservoir.
3 Ranger Station After some twists and turns you’ll eventually come to the Ranger

Station and interpretation centre.
4 Treetop Walk From here it’s a short walk to the wooden steps leading down to the Treetop Walk, a narrow 250m suspension bridge through the upper levels of the jungle canopy, affording excellent views (and apparently the odd snake encounter). Closed on Monday.

5 Petaling Trail On the other side, a boardwalk and a long series of steps up and down through some dense forest – known as the Petaling Trail – brings you out to a rest hut. (To shorten your walk to about 7km, turning left from here will take you back to the Country

Club, from where it’s a 25-minute walk along Island Club Rd to Upper Thompson Rd.)

6 Jelutong Tower Turn right and follow the Sime Track, then Golf Link to the Jelutong Tower, an observation deck providing a good view over the trees to the reservoir.

7 Sime Golf Course After this you hit another boardwalk running downhill through jungle and alongside the Sime Golf Course, coming to a slightly unnerving and surreal sign describing the differences between crocodiles and monitor lizards. (In the event of a crocodile confrontation, we don’t think there would be much doubt, but in any case be wary of any swishing in the water just beneath the boards!)

8 Tombstone After diverting away from the golf course and hugging the edge of the reservoir for about 1km, you’ll hit the fairways again for another 1km before reaching a junction. Follow the Jering Trail boardwalk left along the water’s edge, looking out for a lone Chinese tombstone near the water’s edge. It dates from 1876, but apparently no record exists of who is buried there. Not surprisingly, there are rumors of a ‘water ghost’ that haunts this area, dragging unsuspecting walkers to their doom.

9 Zigzag bridge Winding along the boardwalk, you’ll emerge, finally, back into civilization. Cross the bizarre zigzag bridge that adjoins the bandstand, where concerts are sometimes held at the weekend, and reward yourself with a drink and something to eat at the hilltop food centre.

10 Le P’tit Breton Or, if you still have energy, catch bus 162 one stop to Upper Thompson Rd and head to Le P’tit Breton for a French crêpe feast.



Northern & Central Singapore

Sunday, November 2, 2014

Singapore BACKGROUND: Government & Politics

In theory, Singapore has a democratically elected government based on the Westminster system. In practice, however, the electoral laws are biased in favor of the ruling PAP, to the extent that though 33% of the electorate voted for one of the three opposition parties at the 2006 general election, the government won all but two of the 84 seats up for grabs. Even so, most Singaporeans quietly accept the status quo, figuring that political freedom is a fair trade-off for the high standard of living they generally enjoy.

The current unicameral parliament has 84 elected members, with nine of the MPs from single-member constituencies and the 75 others from group representation constituencies, which are supposed to ensure the representation in parliament of members of the Malay, Indian and other minority communities. A side effect of having several MPs for a single seat is that it’s harder for opposition parties to field enough candidates to contest the seat.


singapore-government-&-policies-1 Singapore’s Parliant House


Voting in elections is compulsory and governments are elected for five years, but a ruling government can dissolve parliament and call an election at any time.

Singapore also has a popularly elected president, who at the time of writing is SR Nathan. The position is largely ceremonial.

The PAP argues that since it listens to all opinions and is happy to take on good ideas no matter where they originate from, there is less need for political plurality.

It also asserts that, relieved of the tiresome task of answering to a strident opposition in parliament, it has more time to focus on running the country, citing the chaotic democracies of countries like India, Thailand and Indonesia to (somewhat convincingly) support its case. TV news reports display punch-ups in the parliaments of South Korea and Taiwan with a certain satisfied relish.

Vocal opposition does exist, but those who have chosen to follow that path, like Chee Soon

Juan, JB Jeyaretnam* and Francis Seow, have found themselves subject to vilification, legal harassment and ridicule, and ignored by the media, unless there is something negative to report. The government’s favored means of dealing with these intrepid souls is to run them through the courts and ruin them with lawsuits. This is a tidy means of removing them from the political process, since bankrupts are forbidden from running in elections.


singapore-government-&-policies-2 Chee Soon Juan


The legal system is based on the British system and the judiciary’s independence is enshrined in the constitution, but in practice many judges are appointed on short tenure and their renewal is subject to party approval. Rulings that have gone against the government have seen new laws enacted by parliament to ensure the government’s victory.

Singapore’s Internal Security Department keeps records of its citizens, and there is a widespread (albeit unverifiable) fear that criticizing the authorities will cost people their jobs, promotional opportunities or contracts.


singapore-government-&-policy-3 The IDS (Internal Security Department)


As elsewhere, the internet has effected a sea change in the area of political and social debate and there has been a minor explosion in blogs expressing dissent and criticism of the government.

Singapore does have an extensive local council machinery, which organizes public meetings to listen to ideas on various issues of neighborhood concern and domestic policy. The massive ‘e-government’ network, which enables citizens to perform all sorts of transactions online –from booking football pitches to filing income tax – also has a channel through which people can express opinions on certain issues.

The most notable recent example was the year-long debate over the building of the two casino resorts, which involved ordinary citizens, religious and grassroots leaders, charities and social services. Though there was a widespread belief that the government had made its mind up well before the ‘public consultation’ period, it was marked by some surprisingly outspoken views.




*JBJ


singapore-government-&-policy JB Jeyaretnam


JB Jeyaretnam is Singapore’s most famous dissenting voice, and his experiences are burned into the country’s collective unconscious as a kind of cautionary tale.

A lawyer by profession, JBJ led the Worker’s Party in an effort to challenge the all-powerful PAP. In 1981 he became the first opposition candidate in 13 years to win a seat, taking the Anson constituency in a by-election.

He was re-elected in 1984, but shortly afterwards was dragged into court to face charges relating to the party’s accounts. Found not-guilty on all but one charge, he was sentenced to three months in prison and fined $5000, enough to have him disqualified from elections for five years and disbarred from legal practice.

JBJ appealed to the British Privy Council, which overturned his disbarment (leading the government to change the law relating to such appeals). He then asked the President of Singapore to overturn his conviction, but was refused.

Banned from the 1988 election, he nevertheless campaigned for the Worker’s Party, but uttered comments about Lee Kuan Yew that, with a little creative legal interpretation, enable the prime minister to sue him. Lee Kuan Yew was awarded $260,000. Another 1995 lawsuit saw him hit for $465,000 in damages. Then, after he was appointed to parliament as a ‘nonconstituency MP’ in 1997, a further 11 defamation suits were filed against him for referring to police reports made against PM Goh Chok Tong.

The judge said the PM had overstated his case, but nonetheless awarded him $20,000. On appeal, this was raised to $100,000 – and the judge was later dismissed.

JBJ resigned as party leader in 2001 and in his last days scratched a living selling his two books – Make it Right for Singapore and The Hatchet Man of Singapore – on the street. He died on 20 September 2008, a few weeks after launching a political comeback under his newly created Reform Party, and his passing was marked by tributes and obituaries in media around the globe. Even in death, he remained a thorn in the government’s side.



Singapore BACKGROUND: Government & Politics